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package outline to-220 1. out to-220f 2. gnd 3. in absolute maximum ratings (ta=25) parameter symbol unit storage temperature range tstg tj topr power dissipation p d w thermal resistance ja jc parameter symbol min. typ. max. unit ml7805a / ml7805fa output voltage vo v in =10v io=0.5a 4.8 5.0 5.2 v quiescent current i q v in =10v io=0ma - 4.2 8.0 ma load regulation vo io v in =10v - 15 100 mv line regulation vo vin v in =7 to 25v io=0.5a - 3 100 mv ripple rejection rr v in =10v io=0.5a e in=2vp-p f=120hz 62 78 -db output noise voltage v no v in =10v io=0.5a - 40 - v average temperature cofficient of out p ut volta ge vo / t v in =10v io=0.5a - -1.1 - mv/ rev b test conditions bw=10hz to 100khz io=0.005a to 1.5a maximum rating ml7805 to ml7809 ml7812 to ml7820 ml7824 operating junction temperature 15(tc Q 70 ) v in input voltage -40 to +125 v 35 35 40 operating temperature range operating ambient temperature -30 to +150 -30 to +75 thermal resistance junction-to-ambient temperature junction-to-case 60 5 ml7800 series the ml7800 series are 3-terminal positive voltage regulators. these regulators employ internal current-limiting, thermal- shutdown and safe-area compensation, making them essentially indestructible. if adequate heat sinking is provided, they can deliver over 1a output current (please refer to the "thermal design" portion of application note). they are intended as fixed voltage regulations in a wide range of applications including local (on-card) regulation for elimination of distributution problems associated with single point regulation. in addition to use as fixed voltage regulators, these devices can be used with external com p onents to obtain ad j ustable out p ut volta g es and currents. 3-terminal positive voltage regulator /w (tj=25 ,c1=0.33 f,co=0.1 f) electrical characteristics measurement is to be conducted in pulse testing. 3 2 1 page 1 of 11
parameter symbol min. typ. max. unit ml7806a / ml7806fa output voltage vo v in =11v io=0.5a 5.75 6.0 6.25 v quiescent current i q v in =11v io=0ma - 4.3 8.0 ma load regulation vo io v in =11v - 15 120 mv line regulation vo vin v in =8 to 25v io=0.5a - 5 120 mv ripple rejection rr v in =11v io=0.5a e in=2vp-p f=120hz 59 75 -db output noise voltage v no v in =11v io=0.5a - 45 - v average temperature cofficient of out p ut volta ge vo / t v in =11v io=5ma - -0.8 - mv/ ml7808a / ml7808fa output voltage vo v in =14v io=0.5a 7.7 8.0 8.3 v quiescent current i q v in =14v io=0ma - 4.3 8.0 ma load regulation vo io v in =14v - 15 160 mv line regulation vo vin v in =10.5 to 25v io=0.5a - 6 160 mv ripple rejection rr v in =14v io=0.5a e in=2vp-p f=120hz 55 72 -db output noise voltage v no v in =14v io=0.5a - 52 - v average temperature cofficient of out p ut volta ge vo / t v in =14v io=5ma - -0.8 - mv/ ml7809a / ml7809fa output voltage vo v in =15v io=0.5a 8.65 9.0 9.35 v quiescent current i q v in =15v io=0ma - 4.3 8.0 ma load regulation vo io v in =15v - 15 180 mv line regulation vo vin v in =11.5 to 25v io=0.5a - 7 180 mv ripple rejection rr v in =15v io=0.5a e in=2vp-p f=120hz 55 70 -db output noise voltage v no v in =15v io=0.5a - 60 - v average temperature cofficient of out p ut volta ge vo / t v in =15v io=5ma - -1 - mv/ ml7812a / ml7812fa output voltage vo v in =19v io=0.5a 11.5 12.0 12.5 v quiescent current i q v in =19v io=0ma - 4.3 8.0 ma load regulation vo io v in =19v - 25 240 mv line regulation vo vin v in =14.5 to 30v io=0.5a - 10 240 mv ripple rejection rr v in =19v io=0.5a e in=2vp-p f=120hz 55 71 -db output noise voltage v no v in =19v io=0.5a - 75 - v average temperature cofficient of out p ut volta ge vo / t v in =19v io=5ma - -1 - mv/ rev b electrical characteristics (tj=25 ,c1=0.33 f,co=0.1 f) measurement is to be conducted in pulse testing. test conditions io=0.005a to 1.5a bw=10hz to 100khz io=0.005a to 1.5a bw=10hz to 100khz io=0.005a to 1.5a bw=10hz to 100khz io=0.005a to 1.5a bw=10hz to 100khz page 2 of 11
parameter symbol min. typ. max. unit ml7815a / ml7815fa output voltage vo v in =23v io=0.5a 14.4 15.0 15.6 v quiescent current i q v in =23v io=0ma - 4.3 8.0 ma load regulation vo io v in =23v - 35 300 mv line regulation vo vin v in =17.5 to 30v io=0.5a - 12 300 mv ripple rejection rr v in =23v io=0.5a e in=2vp-p f=120hz 54 70 -db output noise voltage v no v in =23v io=0.5a - 90 - v average temperature cofficient of out p ut volta ge vo / t v in =23v io=5ma - -1 - mv/ ml7818a / ml7818fa output voltage vo v in =27v io=0.5a 17.3 18.0 18.7 v quiescent current i q v in =27v io=0ma - 4.5 8.0 ma load regulation vo io v in =27v - 55 360 mv line regulation vo vin v in =21 to 33v io=0.5a - 15 360 mv ripple rejection rr v in =27v io=0.5a e in=2vp-p f=120hz 53 69 -db output noise voltage v no v in =27v io=0.5a - 110 - v average temperature cofficient of out p ut volta ge vo / t v in =27v io=5ma - -1 - mv/ ml7820a / ml7820fa output voltage vo v in =29v io=0.5a 19.2 20.0 20.8 v quiescent current i q v in =29v io=0ma - 4.5 8.0 ma load regulation vo io v in =29v - 61 400 mv line regulation vo vin v in =23 to 35v io=0.5a - 16 400 mv ripple rejection rr v in =29v io=0.5a e in=2vp-p f=120hz 51 66 -db output noise voltage v no v in =29v io=0.5a - 150 - v average temperature cofficient of out p ut volta ge vo / t v in =29v io=5ma - -2.0 - mv/ ml7824a / ml7824fa output voltage vo v in =33v io=0.5a 23.0 24.0 25.0 v quiescent current i q v in =33v io=0ma - 4.6 8.0 ma load regulation vo io v in =33v - 65 480 mv line regulation vo vin v in =28 to 38v io=0.5a - 18 480 mv ripple rejection rr v in =33v io=0.5a e in=2vp-p f=120hz 50 66 -db output noise voltage v no v in =33v io=0.5a - 170 - v average temperature cofficient of out p ut volta ge vo / t v in =33v io=5ma - -2.4 - mv/ rev b electrical characteristics (tj=25 ,c1=0.33 f,co=0.1 f) measurement is to be conducted in pulse testing. test conditions io=0.005a to 1.5a bw=10hz to 100khz io=0.005a to 1.5a bw=10hz to 100khz io=0.005a to 1.5a bw=10hz to 100khz io=0.005a to 1.5a bw=10hz to 100khz page 3 of 11
power dissipation vs. ambient temperature equivalent circuit test circuit 1. 2. rev b output voltage, line regulation, load regulation, quiescent current, average temperature coefficient of output voltage, output noise voltage. ripple rejection out 2 gnd 1 in ml7805 3 e in = 2 vp-p f = 120hz v in vo, e o 0.33uf 0.1uf l o a d 3 out 0.33uf 2 gnd 1 in ml7805 l o a d 0.1uf 3 i in io vo, v n i q v in page 4 of 11
typical characteristics rev b ml7 805 / 1 5 / 24 ml7805 / 15 / 24 page 5 of 11
typical characteristics rev b / 24 quiescent page 6 of 11
typical characteristics rev b page 7 of 11
1. application circuit positive/negative voltage supply note : 2. note in application circuit ( 1 ) ( 2 ) rev b * in case of negative voltage regulator, reverse the sbd and capacitor direction. in the following explain only the positive regulator unless otherwise specified. however they can apply to the negative voltage regulator by easy change. in the above positive and negative power supply application, d1 and d2 should be connected. if d1 and d2 are not connected, either of positive or negative power supply circuit may not turns on. if the higher voltage (above the rated value) or lower voltage (gnd-0.5v) is supplied to the input terminals, the ic may be destroyed. to avoid such a case, a zener diode or other parts of the surge supressor should be connected as shown below. if the higher voltage than the input terminal is supplied to the output terminal, the ic may be destroyed. to avoid input terminal short to the gnd or the stored voltage in the capacitor back to the output terminal, by the large value capacitor connecting to the output terminal application, the sbd should be required as shown below; com -vin +vin 0.33uf 0.33uf out com in 79 series out gnd in 78 series -vo +vo d2 d1 0.1uf 0.1uf vin vo in 1 gnd 2 out 3 capacitor + ze ner diode r vo vin capacitor + in 1 gnd 2 out 3 l diode vin vo capacitor + in 1 gnd 2 out 3 diode page 8 of 11
3. thermal design ( 1 ) heat producting (1-1) p loss-1 : heat producting by own operation p loss-1 = vin x i q (1-2) p loss-2 : heat producing by output current and the input-output differential voltage. internal power transistor produces the hest mentioned following equation. p loss-2 = (vin-vout) x iout (w) therefore, the total heat producing ploss is : p loss = p loss-1 + p loss-2 = vin x i q + (vin-vout) x iout (w) ( 2 ) thermal resistance (2-1) definition of thermal resistance : thermal resistance ( ) is a degree of heat radiation mentioned following equation. = (t1 - t2)/p ( /w) heat producing quantity : p (w) ambient temperature or case temperature :t2 ( ) heat source temperature :t1 ( ) (2-2) thermal resistance of to-220 jc : ja : rev b thermal resistance between ic chip (junction point) and ambience. input voltage (vin) and quiescent current (i q ) produce the heat mentioned below equation. there are two kinds of heat producting (p loss-1 , p loss-2 ) in three terminal regulator and the sum of them is total heat producting of ic (p loss ). there are two kinds of thermal resistance of to-220. one is " jc" for the application with the heat sink, the other is " ja" for the application without the heat sink. thermal resistance between ic chip (junction point) and the package back side contacting with the heat sink. input gnd in out output vin vout i q iout t1 t2 p(w) rp t1 > t2 page 9 of 11
( 3 ) heat radiation balance (3-1) to-220 with heat sink where jc : js : ch : hs : the relation between temperature and heat radiation quantity is shown below. tj=p loss x ( jc+ ch + hs ) + ta ( ) rev b the heat produced in the ic is radiated to ambience through the package and the heat sink. the quantity of the heat radiation depends on the heat source temperature, ambient temperature and the thermal resistance of the package. heat radiation balance model of the to-220 with heat sink is shown as below. thermal resistance between ic chip (junction point) and the package backside connecting to the heatsink. thermal resistance between ic chip (junction point) and the package surface. thermal resistance between package backside and the heat sink including the condidtion of insulator, silicon grease and tighten torque. thermal resistance of the heat sink if the js is large enough compare with other thermal resistance, the js can be neglected and the heat radiation model can be mentioned as below. tj ta loss p ambient temperature heat source (junction) temperature jc ? ch hs js heat sink ic package face side resin chip package back side js jc ch hs tj loss p jc ch ta hs page 10 of 11
( 4 ) thermal design the heat radiation balance model of the to-220 with the heat sink is shown as follows. heat radiation balance tj = p loss x ( jc + ch + hs ) + ta ( ) (4-1) p loss = vin x i q + (vin-vout) x iout (w) (4-2) substituting "eq.(4-2) into "eq.(4-1)" obtains tj = [vin x i q +(vin-vout) x iout] x ( jc + ch + hs )+ta ( ) (4-3) in eq.(4-3) vin, iout, ch , hs , ta depand on using condition. tj, i q ,vout, jc depend on ic depend on ic specification. when ch , i q and tj are assumed the following values, eq.(4-3) becomes eq.(4-4). ch =0.3 to 0.4 ( /w) i q = 5 to 6ma (max.) tj = 125 (max.) tj(max) = 125 = [5 x vin + (vin-vout) x iout] x (5+0.3+ hs ) +ta ( ) (4-4) when fix the vout, tj depends on the vin, iout, hs and ta. it means; rev b for more detail, please refer the heat resistance value mentioned in the specification of the heat sink supplier. insert the mica paper (0.1t) and thermal conduction silicon grease between the ic and heat sink and tighten them with the bolt by 4kg*cm-min. lower vin and / or iout are required to linit the temperature rise. smaller hs is required for the effective heat reduce (i.e. using the large heat sink). in the thermal design, when fix the vin, iout and ta, selectthe heat sink which hs is smaller that the result of eq.(4-4). page 11 of 11

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